端午節
作者:Terry[一隻耳] 日期:2006-05-31 08:05
F2BLOG LOGO
作者:Terry[一隻耳] 日期:2006-05-28 22:56
網絡電影格式、版本與術語詳解
作者:Terry[一隻耳] 日期:2006-05-27 19:05
應該很多人都知道的, 方便自己有時候需要.
電影格式
目前網絡上流行的高清晰影音文件，主要分為DVDRip、RMVB、MKV等三大類，它們以高清晰的畫質、接近原汁原味的音效，讓許多人通過網絡欣賞到了高品質的電影。
1.DVDRip(DivX)
所謂DVDRip，就是用DivX壓縮技術對DVD碟片的視頻圖像進行高質量的壓縮、用MP3或AC3對音頻進行壓縮，然後將視頻、音頻部分合併成一個AVI文件(AVI即Audio Video Interleaved，音頻視頻交錯)，最後再加上外掛的字幕文件而形成的影音播放格式。播放軟件推薦使用MPC，也就是暴風影音，自身集成了很多解碼器，基本上能解決大部分avi文件的播放
其大小一般為數百兆，是DVD體積的數分之一。注意，當DVD轉成DVDRip後，會損失掉一些如菜單導航、音軌選擇、分段選擇等DVD特性，不過相對於它的優點和從便於收藏交流等方面考慮，這些損失都是微不足道的
2.RMVB
該格式由RM影片格式升級延伸而來。VB即VBR，是Variable Bit Rate(可改變之比特率)的英文縮寫。它打破了以前RM格式平均壓縮採樣的方式，在保證平均壓縮比的基礎上，合理利用了比特率資源，使RMVB在犧牲少部分影片質量的情況下，最大限度地壓縮了影片的大小，最終擁有了近乎完美的接近於DVD品質的視聽效果。
相比DVDRip，RMVB的優勢不言而喻。首先在保證影片整體視聽效果的前提下，RMVB的個頭只有300**～450**左右(以90分鐘標準電影計算)，而DVDRip卻需要700**甚至更多。此外，它還擁有內置字幕、無需外掛插件支持、播放時系統佔用率低等優點，這些優勢使它已成為當前網絡電影的真正主流格式
3.MKV
被很多朋友認為是顛覆DVDRip的未來主流媒體格式。它實際上是一種新型多媒體封裝格式，也稱多媒體容器 (Multimedia Container)。它不同於DivX、XviD等視頻編碼格式，也不同於MP3、Ogg等音頻編碼格式。MKV只是為這些音、視頻提供外殼的「組合」和「封裝」格式。換句話說就是一種容器格式，常見的AVl、VOB、MPEG、RM格式其實也都屬於這種類型。但它們要麼結構陳舊，要麼不夠開放，這才促成了MKV這類新型多媒體封裝格式的誕生。
MKV最大的特點就是能容納多種不同類型編碼的視頻、音頻及字幕流，甚至連非常封閉的RealMedia及QuickTime這類流媒體也被它囊括進去，可以說是對傳統媒體格式的一次大顛覆，幾乎變成了一個萬能的媒體容器。
播放MKV並不需要專用的播放器，任何基於DirectShow的播放器都能播放它，如常見的Media Player Classic、BSplayer、ZoomPlayer播放器等，甚至包括Windows Media player，僅需安裝相應Matroska解碼分離器插件即可。推薦下載HappyShow這個解碼器集成軟件
認清電影的不同版本
很多下載站點上，在影片後面除了標注其格式外，還會註明它為TVRip、TS版等，這些都是什麼意思呢？通過下面的內容，大家就可以對它們進行簡單的瞭解了。
1.CAM(槍版)版
CAM版通常都是用數碼攝像機從電影院盜錄，即所謂的「電影版」。由於攝像機在盜錄過程會經常抖動，且聲音是由攝像機自帶的話筒錄製，因此槍版可以說是質量最差的影片，不但畫面差勁，還往往混有現場觀眾的笑聲、私語聲、吃爆米花聲等雜音。如果碰上這種版本的影片，勸你不要下載，如果已經下了，那也馬上刪除為妙。
2.TS版
CAM版通常都是用數碼攝像機從電影院盜錄，即所謂的「電影版」。由於攝像機在盜錄過程會經常抖動，且聲音是由攝像機自帶的話筒錄製，因此槍版可以說是質量最差的影片，不但畫面差勁，還往往混有現場觀眾的笑聲、私語聲、吃爆米花聲等雜音。如果碰上這種版本的影片，勸你不要下載，如果已經下了，那也馬上刪除為妙。
3.TC(清晰版)版
TC版(TeleCine)是使用電視電影機從膠片上直接進行數字拷貝的版本(電視電影機的原理是將電影拷貝上的圖像，根據電視廣播信號的需要進行轉化，進而錄製成模擬的或數字的磁帶信號，常看CCTV-6的觀眾對此應該很熟悉)。因為它的製作方式非常簡單，根本無須對得到的圖像進行過多的編輯和修飾，因此其圖像質量是不能和經過數字化修飾的DVD相提並論的。
國內一些正版的DVD碟片採用的就是這種技術。但對於那些尚未發行原版DVD的影片來說，TC版是最佳的選擇。另外大家常說的「清晰版」也多指此版本。
4.TVRip版
從電視(最好是從數碼有線電視/衛星電視捕捉)轉制的電視劇及接收衛星接收到的節目，然後通過電視卡進行捕捉，壓縮成文件，我們看的很多綜藝及體育節目都是TVRip。有些電視劇也會使用TVRip的方式進行發佈。
5.其他縮寫
D-R、DVD-RMVB或D2R:表示該片是由DVD格式轉為RMVB格式的。
VCD-RMVB:由VCD壓縮後，轉為RMVB格式的影片。
[500K]或[600K]:多出現於RMVB文件後，表示壓縮率，該值越大，表示畫面越清晰，但文件體積同樣加大。
6.重點縮寫詞
PROPER:完整版 UNRATE:未刪節 R-RATE:有刪節
WS:表示寬銀幕 FS:表示全屏幕 WITH EXTRAS:影片帶花絮
專業術語解釋
CAM
CAM是指在電影院偷錄的版本。一般採用數碼攝像機拍攝，有時使用小型的三角架，但是絕大部分時候這是不可能的做到的。因此攝像機常常抖動。而且因為中間的位置不會總是空著，所以有時只能從某個角度進行拍攝。如果處理得當的話，一般察覺不到拍攝角度的存在，除非銀幕上有字母出現，不過很多時候在銀幕頂部和底部留有三角形的邊界。CAM版的聲音是由攝像機自帶的話筒錄製，因此常常會聽到觀眾的發出的聲音，特別是喜劇片的時候，笑聲會很明顯。因為以上這些原因，CAM版的圖像和聲音質量都非常差，不過也有一些幸運的時候，比如整個影院非常空，那樣信號就會很清晰一些。
TELESYNC(TS)
TS版和CAM版差不多，區別是TS版採用了外部的聲源(一般是座椅上為聽力不好的觀眾準備的耳機插座)。直接的聲源不能保證聲音的質量，因為中間夾雜了很多的背景雜音。大部分時候，TS版是在很空的影院或者在放映間內使用專業攝像機拍攝的，這使得圖像質量更好。TS版的總體品質範圍很大，參差不齊，在下載前最好查看一下Sample。很大一部分的TS版其實是CAM版，只是發佈人貼錯了標籤。
TELECINE(TC)
TC版是從膠片直接進行數字拷貝。聲音和圖像質量應該是很不錯的，但是由於所用設備和費用問題，TC版很少見。TC版的螢幕縱橫比通常是正確的，有時4:3的也有。一個很好的例子就是當年的侏羅紀公園3。不要把TC和TimeCode(時間碼)相混淆，後者是整個電影放映中一個可見的計數器。
SCREENER(SCR)
SCR是在正式發佈VHS(家庭影音系統)卡帶之前送到租賃店等地用作促銷目的的。screener是通過VHS卡帶提供的，通常是4:3的全屏縱橫比，有的時候也有letterbox(16:9 的影像顯示在 4:3 的屏幕，或 4:3 的影像顯示在寬屏幕上)的。SCR主要的缺點是ticker(在銀幕下方滾動出現的含有版權信息和反盜版的電話號碼的字幕)。而且，如果帶子裡含有序列號，或者其他能追蹤到卡帶來源的記號的話，這些信息必須被屏蔽掉，一般是在上邊打個黑斑。這些信息一般只出現很短的時間，但是不幸的是有的拷貝上會持續整部電影那麼久，而且有的字還特別大。SCR的質量也是參差不齊的，如果從原版拷貝製作，SCR的影音質量會非常優秀;但如果是從翻錄拷貝，使用老式的VHS錄像機通過質量糟糕的錄製設備製作的話，效果也會非常差，使用的設備是很重要的。大部分的SCR轉成VCD格式;有時也有轉成SVCD的，看起來效果好一點。
DVD-SCREENER (DVDscr)
和前面提到的SCR類似，但是是從DVD轉制的。通常是letterbox的，但部包含零售版DVD裡有的花絮。ticker有時不在黑色邊界裡，所以可能會影響觀看。如果轉錄人員技術好的話，DVDscr質量應該是不錯的。通常專成SVCD或DivX/XviD格式。
DVDRip
DVDRip是從最終的發行版DVD拷貝的。如果可能的話也有從預售版拷貝的(比如星戰前傳2)。DVDRip的質量是很相當高的，通常發佈為SVCD或DivX/XviD格式。
VHSRip
從零售VHS轉制的，錄製並編碼成數字格式。由於一些電影尚未發佈DVD，很多組織專門從事發佈這樣的VCD電影拷貝。內容以滑冰/體育和XXX為主。
TVRip
電視節目片斷，可來自網絡(最好是捕捉自數字有線電視/衛星電視)或者是接受自衛星在幾天前向電視網絡預先發送的電視節目信號(沒有頻道圖標但有時有雪花等錯誤信號)。PDTV是通過數字TV PCI卡錄製的，通常效果最好，各發佈組織一般採用SVCD發佈。VCD/SVCD/DivX/XviD rips都可能用來發佈電視節目。
WORKPRINT (WP)
WP是未完成電影的拷貝。可能有場景和音樂缺失，影音質量從極好到很爛都有。有的WP與最終的發佈版有非常大的區別(比如黑衣人，當中所有的外星人都沒有製作上去，只看到演員)，而有的則可能有最終版沒有的場景(比如Jay and Silent Bob)。WP可以作為擁有高質量的最終版電影後的附加收藏。
DivX Re-Enc
DivX Re-Enc的來源是VCD原盤，然後重新編碼成小的DivX格式的文件。大部分是在文件共享者之間傳遞，通常被標以類似「Film.Name.Group(1of2)」的標籤。發佈的組織通常是SMR和TND。DivX Re-Enc不值得下載，除非你只是想對某部電影大概瞭解一下，想要一份大概200MB的拷貝。通常不要理會DivX Re-Enc。
Watermarks
很多影片來自Asian Silvers/PDVD(見下一條)，而這些電影帶有負責人的標籤。通常在銀幕一角里標有字母/縮寫或一個小的logo。最為著名的Watermark是"Z"，"A"和"Globe" 。
Asian Silver
亞洲盜版商發佈的影片，經常被很多組織購買去作為自己的東西發佈。Asian Silver非常便宜，在很多國家都很容易得到，發佈也很簡單，所以現在很多見，主要都是來自一些小一點的組織，這些組織發佈了一些片子就解散了。Asian Silver 通常是以VCD格式拷貝的預發佈的或者從未發佈過的電影。
PDVD
PDVD通常是由電影盜版商售賣的，一般是Asian Silver或TS版拷貝的電影，編碼成DVD格式，質量有起伏。在全球許多國家都有，價格非常低廉。
HDTV
高清電視，顧名思義，是定義了高解析率的可觀看的數字電視影像，相對於先進廣泛採用的標準電視制式來說(比如NTSC和PAL)，清晰度高很多。在美國，和日本採用的高清電視解析率的標準被稱為1080i、720p、720i等(這裡的i代表隔行掃瞄，p代表逐行掃瞄，720指的是1280x720象素，1080指的是1920x1080 象素)。HDTV的縱橫比為16:9，和變換過的DVD一樣。不同的是在HDTV中，畫面本來就是16:9的，不是通過壓縮象素來得到寬屏效果的。
CAM -
A cam is a theater rip usually done with a digital video camera. A mini tripod is sometimes used, but a lot of the time this wont be possible, so the camera make shake. Also seating placement isn't always idle, and it might be filmed from an angle. If cropped properly, this is hard to tell unless there's text on the screen, but a lot of times these are left with triangular borders on the top and bottom of the screen. Sound is taken from the onboard microphone of the camera, and especially in comedies, laughter can often be heard during the film. Due to these factors picture and sound quality are usually quite poor, but sometimes we're lucky, and the theater will be' fairly empty and a fairly clear signal will be heard.
TELESYNC (TS) -
A telesync is the same spec as a CAM except it uses an external audio source (most likely an audio jack in the chair for hard of hearing people). A direct audio source does not ensure a good quality audio source, as a lot of background noise can interfere. A lot of the times a telesync is filmed in an empty cinema or from the projection booth with a professional camera, giving a better picture quality. Quality ranges drastically, check the sample before downloading the full release. A high percentage of Telesyncs are CAMs that have been mislabeled.
TELECINE (TC) -
A telecine machine copies the film digitally from the reels. Sound and picture should be very good, but due to the equipment involved and cost telecines are fairly uncommon. Generally the film will be in correct aspect ratio, although 4:3 telecines have existed. A great example is the JURASSIC PARK 3 TC done last year. TC should not be confused with TimeCode , which is a visible counter on screen throughout the film.
SCREENER (SCR) -
A pre VHS tape, sent to rental stores, and various other places for promotional use. A screener is supplied on a VHS tape, and is usually in a 4:3 (full screen) a/r, although letterboxed screeners are sometimes found. The main draw back is a "ticker" (a message that scrolls past at the bottom of the screen, with the copyright and anti-copy telephone number). Also, if the tape contains any serial numbers, or any other markings that could lead to the source of the tape, these will have to be blocked, usually with a black mark over the section. This is sometimes only for a few seconds, but unfortunately on some copies this will last for the entire film, and some can be quite big. Depending on the equipment used, screener quality can range from excellent if done from a MASTER copy, to very poor if done on an old VHS recorder thru poor capture equipment on a copied tape. Most screeners are transferred to VCD, but a few attempts at SVCD have occurred, some looking better than others.
DVD-SCREENER (DVDscr) -
Same premise as a screener, but transferred off a DVD. Usually letterbox , but without the extras that a DVD retail would contain. The ticker is not usually in the black bars, and will disrupt the viewing. If the ripper has any skill, a DVDscr should be very good. Usually transferred to SVCD or DivX/XviD.
DVDRip -
A copy of the final released DVD. If possible this is released PRE retail (for example, Star Wars episode 2) again, should be excellent quality. DVDrips are released in SVCD and DivX/XviD.
VHSRip -
Transferred off a retail VHS, mainly skating/sports videos and XXX releases.
TVRip -
TV episode that is either from Network (capped using digital cable/satellite boxes are preferable) or PRE-AIR from satellite feeds sending the program around to networks a few days earlier (do not contain "dogs" but sometimes have flickers etc) Some programs such as WWF Raw Is War contain extra parts, and the "dark matches" and camera/commentary tests are included on the rips. PDTV is capped from a digital TV PCI card, generally giving the best results, and groups tend to release in SVCD for these. VCD/SVCD/DivX/XviD rips are all supported by the TV scene.
WORKPRINT (WP) -
A workprint is a copy of the film that has not been finished. It can be missing scenes, music, and quality can range from excellent to very poor. Some WPs are very different from the final print (Men In Black is missing all the aliens, and has actors in their places) and others can contain extra scenes (Jay and Silent Bob) . WPs can be nice additions to the collection once a good quality final has been obtained.
DivX Re-Enc -
A DivX re-enc is a film that has been taken from its original VCD source, and re-encoded into a small DivX file. Most commonly found on file sharers, these are usually labeled something like Film.Name.Group(1of2) etc. Common groups are SMR and TND. These aren't really worth downloading, unless you're that unsure about a film u only want a 200mb copy of it. Generally avoid.
Watermarks -
A lot of films come from Asian Silvers/PDVD (see below) and these are tagged by the people responsible. Usually with a letter/initials or a little logo, generally in one of the corners. Most famous are the "Z" "A" and "Globe" watermarks.
Asian Silvers / PDVD -
These are films put out by eastern bootleggers, and these are usually bought by some groups to put out as their own. Silvers are very cheap and easily available in a lot of countries, and its easy to put out a release, which is why there are so many in the scene at the moment, mainly from smaller groups who don't last more than a few releases. PDVDs are the same thing pressed onto a DVD. They have removable subtitles, and the quality is usually better than the silvers. These are ripped like a normal DVD, but usually released as VCD.
Scene Tags...
PROPER -
Due to scene rules, whoever releases the first Telesync has won that race (for example). But if the quality of that release is fairly poor, if another group has another telesync (or the same source in higher quality) then the tag PROPER is added to the folder to avoid being duped. PROPER is the most subjective tag in the scene, and a lot of people will generally argue whether the PROPER is better than the original release. A lot of groups release PROPERS just out of desperation due to losing the race. A reason for the PROPER should always be included in the NFO.
LIMITED -
A limited movie means it has had a limited theater run, generally opening in less than 250 theaters, generally smaller films (such as art house films) are released as limited.
INTERNAL -
An internal release is done for several reasons. Classic DVD groups do a lot of INTERNAL releases, as they wont be dupe'd on it. Also lower quality theater rips are done INTERNAL so not to lower the reputation of the group, or due to the amount of rips done already. An INTERNAL release is available as normal on the groups affiliate sites, but they can't be traded to other sites without request from the site ops. Some INTERNAL releases still trickle down to IRC/Newsgroups, it usually depends on the title and the popularity. Earlier in the year people referred to Centropy going "internal". This meant the group were only releasing the movies to their members and site ops. This is in a different context to the usual definition.
STV -
Straight To Video. Was never released in theaters, and therefore a lot of sites do not allow these.
ASPECT RATIO TAGS -
These are *WS* for widescreen (letterbox) and *FS* for Fullscreen.
REPACK -
If a group releases a bad rip, they will release a Repack which will fix the problems.
NUKED -
A film can be nuked for various reasons. Individual sites will nuke for breaking their rules (such as "No Telesyncs") but if the film has something extremely wrong with it (no soundtrack for 20mins, CD2 is incorrect film/game etc) then a global nuke will occur, and people trading it across sites will lose their credits. Nuked films can still reach other sources such as p2p/usenet, but its a good idea to check why it was nuked first in case. If a group realise there is something wrong, they can request a nuke.
NUKE REASONS...
this is a list of common reasons a film can be nuked for (generally DVDRip)
BAD A/R = bad aspect ratio, ie people appear too fat/thin
BAD IVTC = bad inverse telecine. process of converting framerates was incorrect.
INTERLACED = black lines on movement as the field order is incorrect.
DUPE -
Dupe is quite simply, if something exists already, then theres no reason for it to exist again without proper reason.
電影格式
目前網絡上流行的高清晰影音文件，主要分為DVDRip、RMVB、MKV等三大類，它們以高清晰的畫質、接近原汁原味的音效，讓許多人通過網絡欣賞到了高品質的電影。
1.DVDRip(DivX)
所謂DVDRip，就是用DivX壓縮技術對DVD碟片的視頻圖像進行高質量的壓縮、用MP3或AC3對音頻進行壓縮，然後將視頻、音頻部分合併成一個AVI文件(AVI即Audio Video Interleaved，音頻視頻交錯)，最後再加上外掛的字幕文件而形成的影音播放格式。播放軟件推薦使用MPC，也就是暴風影音，自身集成了很多解碼器，基本上能解決大部分avi文件的播放
其大小一般為數百兆，是DVD體積的數分之一。注意，當DVD轉成DVDRip後，會損失掉一些如菜單導航、音軌選擇、分段選擇等DVD特性，不過相對於它的優點和從便於收藏交流等方面考慮，這些損失都是微不足道的
2.RMVB
該格式由RM影片格式升級延伸而來。VB即VBR，是Variable Bit Rate(可改變之比特率)的英文縮寫。它打破了以前RM格式平均壓縮採樣的方式，在保證平均壓縮比的基礎上，合理利用了比特率資源，使RMVB在犧牲少部分影片質量的情況下，最大限度地壓縮了影片的大小，最終擁有了近乎完美的接近於DVD品質的視聽效果。
相比DVDRip，RMVB的優勢不言而喻。首先在保證影片整體視聽效果的前提下，RMVB的個頭只有300**～450**左右(以90分鐘標準電影計算)，而DVDRip卻需要700**甚至更多。此外，它還擁有內置字幕、無需外掛插件支持、播放時系統佔用率低等優點，這些優勢使它已成為當前網絡電影的真正主流格式
3.MKV
被很多朋友認為是顛覆DVDRip的未來主流媒體格式。它實際上是一種新型多媒體封裝格式，也稱多媒體容器 (Multimedia Container)。它不同於DivX、XviD等視頻編碼格式，也不同於MP3、Ogg等音頻編碼格式。MKV只是為這些音、視頻提供外殼的「組合」和「封裝」格式。換句話說就是一種容器格式，常見的AVl、VOB、MPEG、RM格式其實也都屬於這種類型。但它們要麼結構陳舊，要麼不夠開放，這才促成了MKV這類新型多媒體封裝格式的誕生。
MKV最大的特點就是能容納多種不同類型編碼的視頻、音頻及字幕流，甚至連非常封閉的RealMedia及QuickTime這類流媒體也被它囊括進去，可以說是對傳統媒體格式的一次大顛覆，幾乎變成了一個萬能的媒體容器。
播放MKV並不需要專用的播放器，任何基於DirectShow的播放器都能播放它，如常見的Media Player Classic、BSplayer、ZoomPlayer播放器等，甚至包括Windows Media player，僅需安裝相應Matroska解碼分離器插件即可。推薦下載HappyShow這個解碼器集成軟件
認清電影的不同版本
很多下載站點上，在影片後面除了標注其格式外，還會註明它為TVRip、TS版等，這些都是什麼意思呢？通過下面的內容，大家就可以對它們進行簡單的瞭解了。
1.CAM(槍版)版
CAM版通常都是用數碼攝像機從電影院盜錄，即所謂的「電影版」。由於攝像機在盜錄過程會經常抖動，且聲音是由攝像機自帶的話筒錄製，因此槍版可以說是質量最差的影片，不但畫面差勁，還往往混有現場觀眾的笑聲、私語聲、吃爆米花聲等雜音。如果碰上這種版本的影片，勸你不要下載，如果已經下了，那也馬上刪除為妙。
2.TS版
CAM版通常都是用數碼攝像機從電影院盜錄，即所謂的「電影版」。由於攝像機在盜錄過程會經常抖動，且聲音是由攝像機自帶的話筒錄製，因此槍版可以說是質量最差的影片，不但畫面差勁，還往往混有現場觀眾的笑聲、私語聲、吃爆米花聲等雜音。如果碰上這種版本的影片，勸你不要下載，如果已經下了，那也馬上刪除為妙。
3.TC(清晰版)版
TC版(TeleCine)是使用電視電影機從膠片上直接進行數字拷貝的版本(電視電影機的原理是將電影拷貝上的圖像，根據電視廣播信號的需要進行轉化，進而錄製成模擬的或數字的磁帶信號，常看CCTV-6的觀眾對此應該很熟悉)。因為它的製作方式非常簡單，根本無須對得到的圖像進行過多的編輯和修飾，因此其圖像質量是不能和經過數字化修飾的DVD相提並論的。
國內一些正版的DVD碟片採用的就是這種技術。但對於那些尚未發行原版DVD的影片來說，TC版是最佳的選擇。另外大家常說的「清晰版」也多指此版本。
4.TVRip版
從電視(最好是從數碼有線電視/衛星電視捕捉)轉制的電視劇及接收衛星接收到的節目，然後通過電視卡進行捕捉，壓縮成文件，我們看的很多綜藝及體育節目都是TVRip。有些電視劇也會使用TVRip的方式進行發佈。
5.其他縮寫
D-R、DVD-RMVB或D2R:表示該片是由DVD格式轉為RMVB格式的。
VCD-RMVB:由VCD壓縮後，轉為RMVB格式的影片。
[500K]或[600K]:多出現於RMVB文件後，表示壓縮率，該值越大，表示畫面越清晰，但文件體積同樣加大。
6.重點縮寫詞
PROPER:完整版 UNRATE:未刪節 R-RATE:有刪節
WS:表示寬銀幕 FS:表示全屏幕 WITH EXTRAS:影片帶花絮
專業術語解釋
CAM
CAM是指在電影院偷錄的版本。一般採用數碼攝像機拍攝，有時使用小型的三角架，但是絕大部分時候這是不可能的做到的。因此攝像機常常抖動。而且因為中間的位置不會總是空著，所以有時只能從某個角度進行拍攝。如果處理得當的話，一般察覺不到拍攝角度的存在，除非銀幕上有字母出現，不過很多時候在銀幕頂部和底部留有三角形的邊界。CAM版的聲音是由攝像機自帶的話筒錄製，因此常常會聽到觀眾的發出的聲音，特別是喜劇片的時候，笑聲會很明顯。因為以上這些原因，CAM版的圖像和聲音質量都非常差，不過也有一些幸運的時候，比如整個影院非常空，那樣信號就會很清晰一些。
TELESYNC(TS)
TS版和CAM版差不多，區別是TS版採用了外部的聲源(一般是座椅上為聽力不好的觀眾準備的耳機插座)。直接的聲源不能保證聲音的質量，因為中間夾雜了很多的背景雜音。大部分時候，TS版是在很空的影院或者在放映間內使用專業攝像機拍攝的，這使得圖像質量更好。TS版的總體品質範圍很大，參差不齊，在下載前最好查看一下Sample。很大一部分的TS版其實是CAM版，只是發佈人貼錯了標籤。
TELECINE(TC)
TC版是從膠片直接進行數字拷貝。聲音和圖像質量應該是很不錯的，但是由於所用設備和費用問題，TC版很少見。TC版的螢幕縱橫比通常是正確的，有時4:3的也有。一個很好的例子就是當年的侏羅紀公園3。不要把TC和TimeCode(時間碼)相混淆，後者是整個電影放映中一個可見的計數器。
SCREENER(SCR)
SCR是在正式發佈VHS(家庭影音系統)卡帶之前送到租賃店等地用作促銷目的的。screener是通過VHS卡帶提供的，通常是4:3的全屏縱橫比，有的時候也有letterbox(16:9 的影像顯示在 4:3 的屏幕，或 4:3 的影像顯示在寬屏幕上)的。SCR主要的缺點是ticker(在銀幕下方滾動出現的含有版權信息和反盜版的電話號碼的字幕)。而且，如果帶子裡含有序列號，或者其他能追蹤到卡帶來源的記號的話，這些信息必須被屏蔽掉，一般是在上邊打個黑斑。這些信息一般只出現很短的時間，但是不幸的是有的拷貝上會持續整部電影那麼久，而且有的字還特別大。SCR的質量也是參差不齊的，如果從原版拷貝製作，SCR的影音質量會非常優秀;但如果是從翻錄拷貝，使用老式的VHS錄像機通過質量糟糕的錄製設備製作的話，效果也會非常差，使用的設備是很重要的。大部分的SCR轉成VCD格式;有時也有轉成SVCD的，看起來效果好一點。
DVD-SCREENER (DVDscr)
和前面提到的SCR類似，但是是從DVD轉制的。通常是letterbox的，但部包含零售版DVD裡有的花絮。ticker有時不在黑色邊界裡，所以可能會影響觀看。如果轉錄人員技術好的話，DVDscr質量應該是不錯的。通常專成SVCD或DivX/XviD格式。
DVDRip
DVDRip是從最終的發行版DVD拷貝的。如果可能的話也有從預售版拷貝的(比如星戰前傳2)。DVDRip的質量是很相當高的，通常發佈為SVCD或DivX/XviD格式。
VHSRip
從零售VHS轉制的，錄製並編碼成數字格式。由於一些電影尚未發佈DVD，很多組織專門從事發佈這樣的VCD電影拷貝。內容以滑冰/體育和XXX為主。
TVRip
電視節目片斷，可來自網絡(最好是捕捉自數字有線電視/衛星電視)或者是接受自衛星在幾天前向電視網絡預先發送的電視節目信號(沒有頻道圖標但有時有雪花等錯誤信號)。PDTV是通過數字TV PCI卡錄製的，通常效果最好，各發佈組織一般採用SVCD發佈。VCD/SVCD/DivX/XviD rips都可能用來發佈電視節目。
WORKPRINT (WP)
WP是未完成電影的拷貝。可能有場景和音樂缺失，影音質量從極好到很爛都有。有的WP與最終的發佈版有非常大的區別(比如黑衣人，當中所有的外星人都沒有製作上去，只看到演員)，而有的則可能有最終版沒有的場景(比如Jay and Silent Bob)。WP可以作為擁有高質量的最終版電影後的附加收藏。
DivX Re-Enc
DivX Re-Enc的來源是VCD原盤，然後重新編碼成小的DivX格式的文件。大部分是在文件共享者之間傳遞，通常被標以類似「Film.Name.Group(1of2)」的標籤。發佈的組織通常是SMR和TND。DivX Re-Enc不值得下載，除非你只是想對某部電影大概瞭解一下，想要一份大概200MB的拷貝。通常不要理會DivX Re-Enc。
Watermarks
很多影片來自Asian Silvers/PDVD(見下一條)，而這些電影帶有負責人的標籤。通常在銀幕一角里標有字母/縮寫或一個小的logo。最為著名的Watermark是"Z"，"A"和"Globe" 。
Asian Silver
亞洲盜版商發佈的影片，經常被很多組織購買去作為自己的東西發佈。Asian Silver非常便宜，在很多國家都很容易得到，發佈也很簡單，所以現在很多見，主要都是來自一些小一點的組織，這些組織發佈了一些片子就解散了。Asian Silver 通常是以VCD格式拷貝的預發佈的或者從未發佈過的電影。
PDVD
PDVD通常是由電影盜版商售賣的，一般是Asian Silver或TS版拷貝的電影，編碼成DVD格式，質量有起伏。在全球許多國家都有，價格非常低廉。
HDTV
高清電視，顧名思義，是定義了高解析率的可觀看的數字電視影像，相對於先進廣泛採用的標準電視制式來說(比如NTSC和PAL)，清晰度高很多。在美國，和日本採用的高清電視解析率的標準被稱為1080i、720p、720i等(這裡的i代表隔行掃瞄，p代表逐行掃瞄，720指的是1280x720象素，1080指的是1920x1080 象素)。HDTV的縱橫比為16:9，和變換過的DVD一樣。不同的是在HDTV中，畫面本來就是16:9的，不是通過壓縮象素來得到寬屏效果的。
CAM -
A cam is a theater rip usually done with a digital video camera. A mini tripod is sometimes used, but a lot of the time this wont be possible, so the camera make shake. Also seating placement isn't always idle, and it might be filmed from an angle. If cropped properly, this is hard to tell unless there's text on the screen, but a lot of times these are left with triangular borders on the top and bottom of the screen. Sound is taken from the onboard microphone of the camera, and especially in comedies, laughter can often be heard during the film. Due to these factors picture and sound quality are usually quite poor, but sometimes we're lucky, and the theater will be' fairly empty and a fairly clear signal will be heard.
TELESYNC (TS) -
A telesync is the same spec as a CAM except it uses an external audio source (most likely an audio jack in the chair for hard of hearing people). A direct audio source does not ensure a good quality audio source, as a lot of background noise can interfere. A lot of the times a telesync is filmed in an empty cinema or from the projection booth with a professional camera, giving a better picture quality. Quality ranges drastically, check the sample before downloading the full release. A high percentage of Telesyncs are CAMs that have been mislabeled.
TELECINE (TC) -
A telecine machine copies the film digitally from the reels. Sound and picture should be very good, but due to the equipment involved and cost telecines are fairly uncommon. Generally the film will be in correct aspect ratio, although 4:3 telecines have existed. A great example is the JURASSIC PARK 3 TC done last year. TC should not be confused with TimeCode , which is a visible counter on screen throughout the film.
SCREENER (SCR) -
A pre VHS tape, sent to rental stores, and various other places for promotional use. A screener is supplied on a VHS tape, and is usually in a 4:3 (full screen) a/r, although letterboxed screeners are sometimes found. The main draw back is a "ticker" (a message that scrolls past at the bottom of the screen, with the copyright and anti-copy telephone number). Also, if the tape contains any serial numbers, or any other markings that could lead to the source of the tape, these will have to be blocked, usually with a black mark over the section. This is sometimes only for a few seconds, but unfortunately on some copies this will last for the entire film, and some can be quite big. Depending on the equipment used, screener quality can range from excellent if done from a MASTER copy, to very poor if done on an old VHS recorder thru poor capture equipment on a copied tape. Most screeners are transferred to VCD, but a few attempts at SVCD have occurred, some looking better than others.
DVD-SCREENER (DVDscr) -
Same premise as a screener, but transferred off a DVD. Usually letterbox , but without the extras that a DVD retail would contain. The ticker is not usually in the black bars, and will disrupt the viewing. If the ripper has any skill, a DVDscr should be very good. Usually transferred to SVCD or DivX/XviD.
DVDRip -
A copy of the final released DVD. If possible this is released PRE retail (for example, Star Wars episode 2) again, should be excellent quality. DVDrips are released in SVCD and DivX/XviD.
VHSRip -
Transferred off a retail VHS, mainly skating/sports videos and XXX releases.
TVRip -
TV episode that is either from Network (capped using digital cable/satellite boxes are preferable) or PRE-AIR from satellite feeds sending the program around to networks a few days earlier (do not contain "dogs" but sometimes have flickers etc) Some programs such as WWF Raw Is War contain extra parts, and the "dark matches" and camera/commentary tests are included on the rips. PDTV is capped from a digital TV PCI card, generally giving the best results, and groups tend to release in SVCD for these. VCD/SVCD/DivX/XviD rips are all supported by the TV scene.
WORKPRINT (WP) -
A workprint is a copy of the film that has not been finished. It can be missing scenes, music, and quality can range from excellent to very poor. Some WPs are very different from the final print (Men In Black is missing all the aliens, and has actors in their places) and others can contain extra scenes (Jay and Silent Bob) . WPs can be nice additions to the collection once a good quality final has been obtained.
DivX Re-Enc -
A DivX re-enc is a film that has been taken from its original VCD source, and re-encoded into a small DivX file. Most commonly found on file sharers, these are usually labeled something like Film.Name.Group(1of2) etc. Common groups are SMR and TND. These aren't really worth downloading, unless you're that unsure about a film u only want a 200mb copy of it. Generally avoid.
Watermarks -
A lot of films come from Asian Silvers/PDVD (see below) and these are tagged by the people responsible. Usually with a letter/initials or a little logo, generally in one of the corners. Most famous are the "Z" "A" and "Globe" watermarks.
Asian Silvers / PDVD -
These are films put out by eastern bootleggers, and these are usually bought by some groups to put out as their own. Silvers are very cheap and easily available in a lot of countries, and its easy to put out a release, which is why there are so many in the scene at the moment, mainly from smaller groups who don't last more than a few releases. PDVDs are the same thing pressed onto a DVD. They have removable subtitles, and the quality is usually better than the silvers. These are ripped like a normal DVD, but usually released as VCD.
Scene Tags...
PROPER -
Due to scene rules, whoever releases the first Telesync has won that race (for example). But if the quality of that release is fairly poor, if another group has another telesync (or the same source in higher quality) then the tag PROPER is added to the folder to avoid being duped. PROPER is the most subjective tag in the scene, and a lot of people will generally argue whether the PROPER is better than the original release. A lot of groups release PROPERS just out of desperation due to losing the race. A reason for the PROPER should always be included in the NFO.
LIMITED -
A limited movie means it has had a limited theater run, generally opening in less than 250 theaters, generally smaller films (such as art house films) are released as limited.
INTERNAL -
An internal release is done for several reasons. Classic DVD groups do a lot of INTERNAL releases, as they wont be dupe'd on it. Also lower quality theater rips are done INTERNAL so not to lower the reputation of the group, or due to the amount of rips done already. An INTERNAL release is available as normal on the groups affiliate sites, but they can't be traded to other sites without request from the site ops. Some INTERNAL releases still trickle down to IRC/Newsgroups, it usually depends on the title and the popularity. Earlier in the year people referred to Centropy going "internal". This meant the group were only releasing the movies to their members and site ops. This is in a different context to the usual definition.
STV -
Straight To Video. Was never released in theaters, and therefore a lot of sites do not allow these.
ASPECT RATIO TAGS -
These are *WS* for widescreen (letterbox) and *FS* for Fullscreen.
REPACK -
If a group releases a bad rip, they will release a Repack which will fix the problems.
NUKED -
A film can be nuked for various reasons. Individual sites will nuke for breaking their rules (such as "No Telesyncs") but if the film has something extremely wrong with it (no soundtrack for 20mins, CD2 is incorrect film/game etc) then a global nuke will occur, and people trading it across sites will lose their credits. Nuked films can still reach other sources such as p2p/usenet, but its a good idea to check why it was nuked first in case. If a group realise there is something wrong, they can request a nuke.
NUKE REASONS...
this is a list of common reasons a film can be nuked for (generally DVDRip)
BAD A/R = bad aspect ratio, ie people appear too fat/thin
BAD IVTC = bad inverse telecine. process of converting framerates was incorrect.
INTERLACED = black lines on movement as the field order is incorrect.
DUPE -
Dupe is quite simply, if something exists already, then theres no reason for it to exist again without proper reason.
標籤: info
[TT 1.04]CLOUDY PUPLE 스킨
作者:Terry[一隻耳] 日期:2006-05-26 17:19
[1.0.5+]miNarueU_part2_mini/PureSky_ep12 by LonnieNa
作者:Terry[一隻耳] 日期:2006-05-25 11:35
F2BLOG 自由誌, 一班為興趣而開發的BLOG程式,
我們不是為了獲利, 也不收分毫, 只想給大家知道華人也有好的程序.
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我們不是為了獲利, 也不收分毫, 只想給大家知道華人也有好的程序.
請尊重自己及尊重自由誌團隊,
如果您選用我們的程序請勿刪除F2BLOG版權訊息!
